Lazio, Italy
Rome
41.9028° N · 12.4964° E
What is there today
The catacombs of Priscilla open onto the via Salaria and are visited in small groups because the corridors are narrow. In one of their chambers is what is held to be the oldest depiction of the Virgin and Child, from the third century, and in another a Good Shepherd painted when being a Christian still cost dearly.
Why this image comes from here
The first Christian image is not a Christ in majesty: it is a shepherd with a lamb on his shoulders, a figure so ordinary in Roman art that it raised no suspicion. Christian iconography begins by hiding, and from that comes its habit of saying things through signs rather than portraits.
Pieces from this place
Rome
The Good Shepherd
Ref. AS009016 – AS009030 – AS009042
Not available
Rome
The Virgin in Prayer
Ref. AS014016 – AS014030 – AS014042
Not available
Rome
Salus Populi Romani
Ref. AS029016 – AS029030 – AS029042
Not available
Rome
Saint Peter the Apostle
Ref. AS034016 – AS034030 – AS034042
Not available
Rome
Saint Paul the Apostle
Ref. AS035016 – AS035030 – AS035042
Not available
Rome
Saint John Bosco
Ref. AS039016 – AS039030 – AS039042
Not available
Rome
The Holy Trinity
Ref. AS048016 – AS048030 – AS048042
Not available
Rome
Agnus Dei
Ref. AS049043
Not available
Rome
Christ the King
Ref. AS051030
Not available
Rome
Immaculate Conception
Ref. AS056016 – AS056030 – AS056042
Not available
- The Good Shepherd
- It is the oldest surviving Christian image, painted in the catacombs of Priscilla when Christ could not yet be shown openly. A shepherd with a lamb on his shoulders raised no suspicion.
- The Virgin in Prayer
- The posture descends from the orantes of the Roman catacombs, the figures with open arms found in the earliest Christian burials. Here the arms have closed over the chest and the prayer has turned inward.
- Salus Populi Romani
- The original hangs in Saint Mary Major and it is the icon Rome turns to when something grave happens: the end of plagues is attributed to it and it is brought out in dark hours. Pope Francis prayed before it ahead of and after every journey, and chose to be buried in that basilica, near the panel.
- Saint Peter the Apostle
- A fisherman from Galilee, he died in Rome under Nero and over his tomb rose the basilica that bears his name. East and West paint him differently: Rome gives him the keys, the Russian school gives him the scroll, and this panel follows the second.
- Saint Paul the Apostle
- He never met Jesus alive and ended up the one who wrote most about him: fourteen letters of the New Testament bear his name. He died in Rome, and over his tomb stands Saint Paul Outside the Walls.
- Saint John Bosco
- A priest from Turin, in 1859 he founded the Salesians to take in the boys industrialisation left on the street. He did not teach by punishment but by what he called the preventive system: reason, religion and loving kindness. Today his schools are in more than a hundred and thirty countries.
- The Holy Trinity
- This is the Western Trinity, with the Father shown as an old man. The Eastern tradition does not paint it this way and prefers the scene of Abraham three angels, holding that no one has seen the Father and therefore he cannot be portrayed. The two ways coexist and are not the same thing.
- Agnus Dei
- Before Christ was painted with a face, he was painted like this. The lamb is the oldest image Christianity has, and it stood in the apses of Rome until a council at the end of the seventh century asked that the man be shown rather than the symbol. It went on being painted anyway.
- Christ the King
- The feast is recent and has an exact date: Pius XI instituted it in Rome in 1925, at a moment when half of Europe was arguing about who rules. The image was fixed then, and that is why it has no ancient model: the crown is twentieth century goldsmithing.
- Immaculate Conception
- The model is modern and carries none of the attributes with which this devotion is usually painted: no moon, no stars, no serpent. It is a portrait of prayer, and we say so because anyone looking for the classic Murillo Immaculate will not find it here.